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现有的商业化锂离子电池采用的是有机电解液，易燃易爆，特别是应用于规模化储能电站时，数万甚至数十万个单体串并联，极易导致连锁反应，引起火灾、爆炸事故。安全性是锂离子电池推广应用的先决条件。目前，国内外学者从锂离子电池材料改性、锂离子电站主动安全防护和被动安全防护三个方面对储能锂离子电站安全防护技术进行了大量研究。本文从引发储能电站安全事故的原因出发，重点介绍了锂离子电池过充添加剂、阴极与阳极材料改性、热失控早期预警技术以及储能电站灭火剂的种类与优缺点，指出了储能锂离子电站安全防护技术的不足及未来的发展方向。
Abstract：The existing commercial lithium-ion batteries widely used organic electrolyte, which was flammable and explosive, especially in large-scale energy storage power stations. Tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of single cells were connected in series or parallel, which could easily lead to chain reaction and cause fire and explosion accidents. Safety was a prerequisite for the popularization and application of lithium-ion batteries. At present, lots of studies on the safety protection technology of lithium-ion energy storage power station mainly focused on three aspects: lithium-ion battery material modification, active safety protection, and passive safety protection of lithium-ion power station. Starting from the causes of safety accidents in energy storage power stations, the overcharge additives of lithium-ion batteries, the modification of cathode and anode materials, the early warning technology of thermal runaway, and the extinguishing agents in energy storage power stations were reviewed. And the shortcomings and future development of safety protection technology in lithium-ion power storage stations were pointed out.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13705/j.issn.1671-6841.2022081
中图分类号:TM912
引用信息:
[1]金阳,薛志业,姜欣,等.储能锂离子电站安全防护研究进展[J],2023,55(03):1-13.DOI:10.13705/j.issn.1671-6841.2022081.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52177223)